Legal review of the legislative mandate on indirect land-use change

The latter target is expected to be met, for the most part, through the use of biofuels. The renewable energy action plans adopted by Member States pursuant to Article 4 RED predict a 958% increase in biofuels use across the EU by 2020.

However, there have been growing concerns about the potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from indirect land-use change (ILUC) to cancel out, or even reverse, the potential emissions savings arising from the use of biofuels. Already in 2008, when adoption of the RED was being discussed, the European Parliament had proposed that the Directive should contain factors that would account for those emissions.